UNIX/Linux/Ubuntu system administration DAY 07

System commands

sudo poweroff - shutdown machine
sudo reboot - restart machine

lsb_release -a - get Ubuntu version

uname -r - get kernel version

uname -a - get all kernel information

start service - start job service

stop service

status service

sudo /etc/init.d/service start

sudo /etc/init.d/service stop

sudo /etc/init.d/service status

sudo /etc/init.d/servcie restart

sudo rm /var/crash/* -remove any old crashes

Package management commands

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade - upgrade Ubuntu version or installs updates (new ones)

sudo apt-get install package_name -install package

sudo apt-get purge package_name - uninstall package

sudo apt-get autoremove -remove obsolete packages
sudo apt-get remove firefox - remove package firefox
sudo apt-get remove -purge firefox - remove package firefox and its configuration files

sudo apt-get -f install -fix broken packages

sudo apt-cache search games | grep kde - find all games-related packages for KDE

sudo apt-get clean - delete all the cached DEB files
sudo apt-get autoclean - delete cached DEB files that are beyond a certain date

dpkg -i pkg.deb -install file pkg.deb

cat /etc/apt/sources.list - APT repository list

Environment status

printenv

quota - display disk quota

history

finger - output user information

chfn - change user real name and information

!n - run the recent command n_th

Login Screen Options Commands and fix Display Resolution

sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm

sudo dpkg-reconfigure lightdm (Ubuntu default option)

sudo mv /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme/ /usr/share/gnome-shell/theme.old

sudo apt-get install --reinstall gnome-shell-common

sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart -restart X and return to login (GNOME)

cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf - display configuration

sudo dexconf -reset xorg.conf configuration

Ctrl+Alt+Bksp -restart X display if frozen

Ctrl+Alt+FN -switch to tty N

Ctr+Alt+F7 -switch back to X display

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms - fix display resolution

Networking commands

Steps to install Linux software

./configure
make
make install